{"id":28335,"date":"2021-03-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-08T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/article\/article-la-regla-la-maionesa-i-la-cadira-paridora\/"},"modified":"2025-07-15T16:45:37","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T14:45:37","slug":"article-la-regla-la-maionesa-i-la-cadira-paridora","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/es\/article\/article-la-regla-la-maionesa-i-la-cadira-paridora\/","title":{"rendered":"La regla, la maionesa i la cadira paridora"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Quan el 1959 va sortir al mercat espanyol la primera batedora de m\u00e0 el\u00e8ctrica, el Minipimer MR1, dissenyada pel catal\u00e0 Gabriel Lluelles, moltes de les tasques de la cuina van fer un salt abismal.\u00a0Des de feia segles, fer la salsa que Ma\u00f3 va regalar al m\u00f3n, la maionesa, havia estat una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 m\u00e9s de bra\u00e7os que d\u2019aptituds culin\u00e0ries<\/strong>. Sense la for\u00e7a del motor i les 14\u2009000 rpm del Minipimer\u00a0no quedava altra que proveir-se d\u2019un bon morter i d\u2019una bona m\u00e0 de morter.\u00a0<\/strong>De marbre, s\u00f2lid i pesant si la casa era forta perqu\u00e8 s\u00f3n els millors. O m\u00e9s senzill, com els de Manises, de cer\u00e0mica vidriada de color groc i amb una taca verda a cada cara i que s\u00f3n els m\u00e9s comuns a la majoria de llars.\u00a0Per\u00f2 per fer la maionesa, diu la creen\u00e7a popular, no nom\u00e9s n\u2019hi ha prou amb bons ingredients i bones eines, tamb\u00e9 cal complir un requisit: no tenir la regla. Perqu\u00e8 de no ser aix\u00ed la salsa, es tallar\u00e0. Segur?<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Morter de pedra i m\u00e0 de morter. <\/span>Pe\u00e7a n\u00fam. 1173 de la col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de l\u2019MVR. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

\n\t\t\t\tm\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 de la pe\u00e7a<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>
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Evidentment que no, aquesta no \u00e9s m\u00e9s que una altra de les contalles, mites, creences, estereotips i tab\u00fas que envolten el m\u00f3n de la menstruaci\u00f3. Al darrere s\u2019hi amaguen desconeixement i, sobretot, misog\u00ednia. L\u2019estigmatitzaci\u00f3 de la menstruaci\u00f3 \u00e9s gaireb\u00e9 tan antiga com el mateix fenomen. Plini el Vell, al segle I dC, a la seva obra Hist\u00f2ria Natural<\/em> va ser un dels primers a posar per escrit aquesta mena de mites populars sense cap mena de fonament cient\u00edfic, com que el flux menstrual fa agre el vi novell o marceix les collites<\/strong>. D\u2019aqu\u00ed se suposa que va acabar saltant a altres aliments com ara la maionesa.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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El contacte amb el flux mensual de la dona amarga el vi nou, fa que les collites es marceixin, mata els empelts, seca llavors als jardins, \u00e9s la causa que les fruites caiguin dels arbres, opaca la superf\u00edcie dels miralls, esmussa el tall de l'acer i el centelleig de l'ivori, mata abelles, s'oxida el ferro i el bronze, i causa un terrible mal olor en l'ambient.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\tPlini el Vell, Hist\u00f2ria Natural, llibre VII, 65.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t

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Abans,<\/strong>\u00a0<\/span>la religi\u00f3 ja havia fet seva la idea d\u2019impuresa de la dona durant la menstruaci\u00f3 obligant-la a accions o rituals com els banys en el micv\u00e9 dels jueus<\/strong>. Tamb\u00e9 amb prohibicions com, per exemple, al cristianisme, on fins a l\u2019any 1916 va estar vigent el\u00a0<\/span>Corpus Iuris Canonici<\/em>, llei de l\u2019esgl\u00e9sia i que des d\u2019\u00e8poca medieval inclo\u00efa la prohibici\u00f3 de les dones durant el per\u00edode menstrual de rebre la comuni\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span>Les h\u00f2sties fetes una a una amb els pesants hostiers de ferro al foc i a base de farina de blat i aigua quedaven restringides per a les menstruants, per estar impures, segons diu el Lev\u00edtic en l\u2019Antic Testament.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sense els m\u00e8todes moderns com el tamp\u00f3 higi\u00e8nic \u2014que va arribar a Espanya entre els anys cinquanta i seixanta del segle passat\u2014 o la copa menstrual, que avui \u00e9s exemple de sostenibilitat,\u00a0<\/span>les solucions passaven per draps de tela que s\u2019havien d\u2019anar rentant freq\u00fcentment o el lliure sagnat i que amb la roba interior fosca es dissimulava, per\u00f2 que tamb\u00e9 obligava a la visita recurrent al safareig. No pas al safareig p\u00fablic, sin\u00f3 a un gibrell mig amagat on rentar-ho tot r\u00e0pidament i gaireb\u00e9 en clandestinitat, podr\u00edem dir.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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El tamp\u00f3. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Foto de Anna Shvets (Pexels)<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Tanmateix, antigament la menstruaci\u00f3 no era una q\u00fcesti\u00f3 tan present en la vida de les dones. Segons els antrop\u00f2legs, amb\u00a0<\/span>uns h\u00e0bits culturals i socials diferents i amb una esperan\u00e7a de vida m\u00e9s baixa, la majoria de la vida, les dones se la passaven en estat de gestaci\u00f3 o b\u00e9 d\u2019alletament. Per\u00edodes tots dos marcats, generalment, per l\u2019abs\u00e8ncia de la regla.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Arxiu fotogr\u00e0fic del Museu de la Vida Rural. Fons Llu\u00eds Carulla<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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La cadira paridora de l\u2019MVR \u00e9s bona prova de com els naixements eren un fenomen peri\u00f2dic i les fam\u00edlies es prove\u00efen de mobles espec\u00edfics per a l\u2019arribada de nous membres.<\/strong>\u00a0El seu cul en forma de ferradura afavoria la feina de la llevadora de recollir la criatura i la placenta; i els agafadors d\u2019esfor\u00e7 permetien canalitzar tota la for\u00e7a necess\u00e0ria de la mare sense haver de destrossar la m\u00e0 de qui tingu\u00e9s a la vora donant suport moral. Igualment, la cadira paridora encara reservava un \u00faltim prop\u00f2sit, el de la vanitat, perqu\u00e8 lluny d\u2019amagar-la a l\u2019espera del seu \u00fas, s\u2019empla\u00e7ava \u2014gaireb\u00e9 com un tron reial\u2014 en una estan\u00e7a amb bona concurr\u00e8ncia de visitants per poder-ne presumir. Tot aix\u00f2, les fam\u00edlies que s\u2019ho podien permetre, \u00e9s clar.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Cadira paridora. Pe\u00e7a 3063 de la col\u00b7leci\u00f3 del Museu de la Vida Rural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

\n\t\t\t\tm\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 de la pe\u00e7a<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>
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Tenir una cadira paridora de fusta de noguera, entapissada i amb gaireb\u00e9 tres-cents anys d\u2019hist\u00f2ria com \u00e9s la que tenim al museu es reservava nom\u00e9s a les cases on la maionesa es feia en morter de marbre i per les mans del servei. Les cases m\u00e9s modestes \u2014on la mestressa lligava l\u2019ou, la sal i l\u2019oli amb el morter groc amb taques verdes\u2014 l\u2019esc\u00f3 de munyir o qualsevol cadira o tamboret de boga podia exercir les funcions de moble auxiliar en el part<\/strong>. Si no, el m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil (i com\u00fa) era asseure\u2019s sobre la falda del marit amb les cames obertes i utilitzar-lo com a respatller per fer for\u00e7a. L\u2019objectiu principal, que la partera estigu\u00e9s c\u00f2moda en un moment decisiu per a ella. Un focus d\u2019atenci\u00f3 que gradualment va moure\u2019s i, amb la generalitzaci\u00f3 de l\u2019atenci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica, les dones estirades en un llit a m\u00e9s al\u00e7ada no obligaven els sanitaris a acotxar-se tant i podien treballar m\u00e9s c\u00f2modament.<\/p>\n

La cerca de la comoditat, una constant en la hist\u00f2ria. La comoditat de fer la maionesa r\u00e0pidament i sense esfor\u00e7. D\u2019utilitzar productes d\u2019higiene per a la menstruaci\u00f3 i, sobretot, de superar creences eixorques sobre salses que es tallen quan es t\u00e9 la regla i que res tenen de cert.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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El tamp\u00f3. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/span><\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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Vols saber m\u00e9s coses sobre el tamp\u00f3?<\/p>\n

Segueix a\u00a0<\/span>Museu Particular<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>a\u00a0<\/span>Twitter\u00a0<\/span><\/a>i a\u00a0<\/span>Instagram<\/a>!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26029,"template":"","format":[203],"autor":[202],"ods":[265],"seccio":[179],"class_list":["post-28335","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","autor-alex-rebollo-sanchez","format-article","ods-art-patrimoni-cultura","seccio-memoria"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLa regla, la maionesa i la cadira paridora - Museu Terra<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un article d'\u00c0lex Rebollo al voltant de la menstruaci\u00f3, des de la maionesa que "es talla" fins a les antigues prohibicions religioses, i explora objectes hist\u00f2rics com la cadira paridora i el tamp\u00f3 al Museu Terra.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/fr\/article\/article-la-regla-la-maionesa-i-la-cadira-paridora\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La regla, la maionesa i la cadira paridora - 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