{"id":28385,"date":"2022-11-24T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-23T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/article\/article-plato-la-tecnologia-i-la-maquina-segadora\/"},"modified":"2025-07-14T16:52:02","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T14:52:02","slug":"article-plato-tecnologia-maquina-segadora","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/en\/article\/article-plato-tecnologia-maquina-segadora\/","title":{"rendered":"Plat\u00f3, la tecnologia i la m\u00e0quina segadora"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_section et_pb_section_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_section_regular et_block_section\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_0  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_0  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Al voltant del 370 aC, el creador de l\u2019Escola d\u2019Atenes, Plat\u00f3, enllestia un dels seus di\u00e0legs, el que portava per t\u00edtol Fedre. A banda de parlar de l\u2019amor, la bellesa i el dest\u00ed de l\u2019\u00e0nima, el grec <strong>posava en boca del qui va ser el seu mestre, S\u00f2crates, una paradoxal cr\u00edtica a l\u2019escriptura. Deia que rebutjava l\u2019invent \u2013el de l\u2019escriptura\u2013 perqu\u00e8 faria perdre la mem\u00f2ria, facultat imprescindible de l\u2019\u00e9sser hum\u00e0. \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les innovacions, les noves tecnologies sempre han fet por i creat retic\u00e8ncies al llarg del temps. En bona part, aquesta por es deu al fet que <strong>qualsevol canvi comporta una p\u00e8rdua de poder d\u2019uns, els que dominaven la vella t\u00e8cnica, en favor d\u2019uns altres, els que dominen els nous procediments<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> Sovint, per\u00f2, els que tenen prou recursos no triguen a controlar la novetat i tornen a imposar-se. La vida.<\/p>\n<p>I totes s\u00f3n dolentes fins que alguna altra les substitueix. Com a mostra, quants anys fa que no se sent alg\u00fa renyant un nen per mirar massa hores la tele com es feia als anys 90 o 2000 dia s\u00ed i dia tamb\u00e9?<b><\/b><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_1 et_pb_equal_columns et_pb_gutters2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_1  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_0 align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1358\" src=\"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/segadora-trepat.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"segadora-trepat\" class=\"wp-image-32928\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_1  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><em>Segadora Trepat. Pe\u00e7a de la col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de l\u2019MVR. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_3  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_2  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><strong>La relaci\u00f3 dels humans i la tecnologia sempre ha estat paradoxal. <\/strong><strong>L\u2019alegria dels qui veuen les feines m\u00e9s feixugues alleugerides contrasta amb els qui perden el poc que tenen<\/strong>. Aix\u00ed, el 1831, quan l\u2019americ\u00e0 Cyrus Hall McCormick presentava la seva m\u00e0quina autom\u00e0tica de segar, els segadors van mirar-la amb recel, ja que era capa\u00e7 de segar cinc hect\u00e0rees per dia, l\u2019equivalent al treball de cinc homes. Per\u00f2 realment a casa nostra va fer un favor a m\u00e9s d\u2019un, com per exemple al targar\u00ed <strong>Josep Trepat, que va copiar l\u2019invent de McCormick adaptant-lo a les necessitats i particularitats de Catalunya i va esdevenir punta de llan\u00e7a d\u2019un imperi de maquin\u00e0ria agr\u00edcola<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> La dalladora Trepat, com l\u2019americana, un cop enganxada al sistema de tracci\u00f3, que b\u00e9 podia ser una b\u00e8stia de tir o b\u00e9 un tractor, baixava a terra el cos i amb la pinta de fulles esmolades anava segant el cereal mentre quatre pintes de fusta anaven girant i despla\u00e7ant les espigues tallades cap enrere. <strong>La senzillesa les feien econ\u00f2miques i la bona rendibilitat, populars, per aix\u00f2 la f\u00e0brica Trepat va dominar el mercat de maquin\u00e0ria agr\u00edcola de l\u2019estat espanyol durant el segon ter\u00e7 del segle XX.<\/strong> Un domini que no va saber mantenir amb l\u2019arribada de la maquin\u00e0ria a motor als anys 60. De nou, les innovacions tecnol\u00f2giques ensorrant uns i catapultant-ne d\u2019altres.<b><\/b><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_with_border et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_3 et_pb_equal_columns et_pb_gutters2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_3_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_1 align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/74-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"74-scaled\" class=\"wp-image-26297\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_5 et_pb_column et_pb_column_5  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_3  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><em><span>Tractor model R335 de la factoria Hanomag Barreiros.<\/span> Pe\u00e7a de la col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de l\u2019MVR. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_4  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_6  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_4  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p>Altres com Eduardo Barreiros que el 1954 funda Barreiros Diesel SA, factoria especialitzada en camions i altres vehicles imprescindibles per una Espanya encara dins de l\u2019autarquia franquista. Precisament de les autoritats del r\u00e8gim obt\u00e9 el 1958 el perm\u00eds per fabricar 3.000 tractors a l\u2019any en alian\u00e7a amb l\u2019empresa alemanya Hanomag i que els permet treure al mercat models com el R-335, que podeu veure a la sala dels carros de l\u2019MVR. Sorgit el 1960 i que valia ni m\u00e9s ni menys que 161.500 pessetes, m\u00e9s del que costava un SEAT 1500. <strong>Amb eines com aquestes s\u2019inicien els 60, la d\u00e8cada que ho havia de canviar tot, les millores tecnol\u00f2giques al camp propiciaven l\u2019agricultura extensiva, la major producci\u00f3, l\u2019abandonament de m\u00e8todes tradicionals com el guaret...<\/strong> alhora que generaven una major quantitat de productes que havien de donar sortida a nous i flamants establiments supermercats oberts a les ciutats. Unes ciutats que acabaven acollint aquells segadors, jornalers, pagesos i altres treballadors del camp que els tractors, dalladores autom\u00e0tiques i altres m\u00e0quines havien deixat obsolets i inservibles. El gran \u00e8xode rural s\u2019inicia aleshores.<b><\/b><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_5 et_pb_equal_columns et_pb_gutters2  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_2_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_7  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_image et_pb_image_2 align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et_pb_image_wrap \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" src=\"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/IMG_7894-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"IMG_7894-scaled\" class=\"wp-image-26298\" \/><\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_1_3 et_pb_column et_pb_column_8  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_5  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><em><span>\u00c0mbit de la mecanitzaci\u00f3 de la col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de l'MVR.<\/span>\u00a0\u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_row et_pb_row_6  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et_block_row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_d4_element et_pb_column_4_4 et_pb_column et_pb_column_9  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode et-last-child et_block_column\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module et_d4_element et_pb_text et_pb_text_6  et_pb_text_align_left et_pb_bg_layout_light\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_text_inner\"><p><b>La segona planta de l\u2019edifici nou del museu acull el darrer estadi de la nostra exposici\u00f3 estable i est\u00e0 dedicada precisament a aix\u00f2, als canvis tecnol\u00f2gics al camp.<\/b> Si b\u00e9 \u00e9s cert que tot el nostre museu va de canvis \u2013en ess\u00e8ncia tots els museus parlen del passat i aquest es mesura amb canvis\u2013 en aquest espai \u00e9s encara m\u00e9s evident quan parlem de la mecanitzaci\u00f3 del camp. Les peces amb certa est\u00e8tica <i>steampunk<\/i> com la dalladora Trepat ens parlen d\u2019aquest per\u00edode d\u2019innovaci\u00f3 i conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies que uns quants van veure amb il\u00b7lusi\u00f3 i uns quants m\u00e9s amb retic\u00e8ncia. Talment com passa avui davant la decisi\u00f3 d\u2019utilitzar una caixa autom\u00e0tica al s\u00faper o de fascinar-nos amb la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia artificial que \u00e9s capa\u00e7 de crear obres d\u2019art amb nom\u00e9s dues o tres directrius.<\/p>\n<p><b>Davant de tal vor\u00e0gine que \u00e9s el m\u00f3n d\u2019avui, sempre ens quedaran els museus per entendre que res \u2013o gaireb\u00e9 res\u2013<\/b><b> \u00e9s nou <\/b><b>i els cl\u00e0ssics com els textos de Plat<\/b><b>\u00f3<\/b><b> qui, per sort, no es va prendre a la valenta la seva cr\u00edtica a l\u2019escriptura.\u00a0<\/b><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26295,"template":"","format":[203],"autor":[202],"ods":[265],"seccio":[179],"class_list":["post-28385","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","autor-alex-rebollo-sanchez","format-article","ods-art-patrimoni-cultura","seccio-memoria"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - 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