{"id":28362,"date":"2021-11-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-22T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/article\/article-les-comarques-el-mercat-i-el-furoshiki\/"},"modified":"2025-07-15T16:40:06","modified_gmt":"2025-07-15T14:40:06","slug":"article-les-comarques-el-mercat-i-el-furoshiki","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/en\/article\/article-les-comarques-el-mercat-i-el-furoshiki\/","title":{"rendered":"Les comarques, el mercat i el \u00abfuroshiki\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A la C-14, al quil\u00f2metre 36,3 per ser m\u00e9s exactes, hi ha una frontera. Els camps llaurats s\u00f3n els mateixos a banda i banda i el paisatge i els animals que hi transiten, tamb\u00e9. Tanmateix, un cartell verd amb un rivet blanc diu que s\u2019est\u00e0 deixant enrere la Conca de Barber\u00e0 i s\u2019est\u00e0 entrant a l\u2019Urgell (o a l\u2019inrev\u00e9s segons el sentit de la marxa).<\/p>\n

L\u2019actual divisi\u00f3 comarcal de Catalunya \u00e9s hereva directa de la dels anys trenta en qu\u00e8 per primera vegada s\u2019organitzava el Principat en comarques administratives, definides, delimitades i reconegudes.<\/strong> La pon\u00e8ncia encarregada de fer-ho, liderada pel ge\u00f2graf Pau Vila, no ho va tenir gens f\u00e0cil. Va trobar-se un pa\u00eds heterogeni, de comarques naturals i identitats diverses que costaven de casar. Per prendre el pols al territori, el novembre de 1931, es va enviar una senzilla enquesta a tots els ajuntaments catalans amb \u00fanicament tres preguntes:<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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  1. A quina comarca penseu que pertany el vostre poble?<\/li>\n
  2. A quin indret aneu principalment a mercat?<\/li>\n
  3. Aneu tamb\u00e9 a algun altre mercat?<\/li>\n<\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>
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    Mercat de Santa Coloma de Queralt. 1905. Autor desconegut. Arxiu fotogr\u00e0fic de l'Associaci\u00f3 Cultural Baixa Segarra (ACBS). Fons Joan Balcells Prats.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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    Aquesta nom\u00e9s va ser una indagaci\u00f3 inicial i el projecte resultant va passar per moltes altres variants, per\u00f2 no deixa de ser un reflex prou eloq\u00fcent de la societat de casa nostra fa menys d\u2019un segle i el paper que hi jugava el mercat. El mercat com a pe\u00e7a imprescindible del dia a dia i la superviv\u00e8ncia de la gent. Tant els permanents, punts de trobada comunitaris i esdevinguts patrimoni material, com els ambulants, indefugibles marcadors dels bioritmes dels pobles.<\/strong> Anar a pla\u00e7a amb el cistell, la bossa de r\u00e0fia o el farcell fet amb el mocador de fer farcells. Instruments at\u00e0vics com el mateix mercat que han patit profundes transformacions en les darreres d\u00e8cades. Com ara l\u2019aparici\u00f3, imposici\u00f3 i prohibici\u00f3 (actual) de les bosses de pl\u00e0stic, invent amb tan sols seixanta anys de vida. O l\u2019aparici\u00f3 dels supermercats, ecosistema natural i preeminent de les citades bosses.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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    Cistell de v\u00edmet. Pe\u00e7a n\u00famero 2683 de la col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 <\/span>de l\u2019MVR. \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>

    \n\t\t\t\tm\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 de la pe\u00e7a<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>
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    A finals dels anys cinquanta, un grup d\u2019industrials i comerciants espanyols viatja, subvencionats pel r\u00e8gim de Franco, als Estats Units per estudiar el funcionament del mercat minorista. All\u00e0, descobreixen meravellats els supermercats: enormes locals climatitzats, sembrats de passadissos amb prestatges on es multipliquen els productes exposats un al costat de l\u2019altre a l\u2019espera que els clients, sense intermediari, agafin el que els convingui i ho posin dins d\u2019un carro met\u00e0l\u00b7lic. Seccions de carnisseria, fruiteria i peixateria, tot sota el mateix sostre i caixes per escanejar els productes fent pip<\/em> i cobrar-los.<\/p>\n

    Encara amb el jet lag<\/em>, les autoritats franquistes impulsen la denominada \u00abOperaci\u00f3n supermercado<\/strong>\u00bb, amb l\u2019objectiu de modernitzar el comer\u00e7 estatal tot seguint el model americ\u00e0. Cosa que es tradueix en l\u2019impuls i la creaci\u00f3 dels primers supermercats de l\u2019Estat que havien de canviar per sempre consum i consumidors.<\/strong> A Catalunya, el pioner va ser el Caprabo del carrer Sant Antoni Maria Claret de Barcelona, obert el juliol del 1959.<\/p>\n

    De la m\u00e0 del m\u00e0rqueting i el neurom\u00e0rqueting \u2014que superava de llarg l\u2019estrat\u00e8gia del senyor Esteve que imperava fins aleshores\u2014 la carn de tercera o quarta categoria, impossible de vendre en un establiment tradicional, sota un film pl\u00e0stic i una acurada posici\u00f3 en el lineal de prestatges, prenia una altra consideraci\u00f3. Pl\u00e0stic i supermercat, una simbiosi que tot just ara hem comen\u00e7at a mirar malament i que ha fet que tornem a empunyar el senall\u00f3 o la bossa de r\u00e0fia.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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    Visita d'alumnes a l'exposici\u00f3 \u00abPl\u00e0stic. Genial o pervers, tu com ho veus?\u00bb produ\u00efda pel Museu de la Vida Rural l'any 2019.<\/span> \u00a9MuseuVidaRural<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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    En altres indrets, potser ens duen passos d\u2019avantatge en aquest darrer aspecte. Al Jap\u00f3, fa m\u00e9s de quinze anys, el Ministeri de Medi Ambient iniciava una campanya per rellan\u00e7ar entre els seus ciutadans el furoshiki<\/em>, l\u2019art tradicional de fer farcells.<\/strong> Des de feia segles, agafar un mocador i embolicar un objecte per transportar-lo \u2014revestit de solemnitat i protocol propi, com molts altres aspectes de la cultura nipona, aix\u00f2 s\u00ed\u2014 era el m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent fins a l\u2019arribada de les bosses de pl\u00e0stic, quan la comoditat passa per sobre de la tradici\u00f3. Actualment hi ha botigues especialitzades en mocadors de furoshiki<\/em> i ha traspassat fronteres per ser una soluci\u00f3 ecol\u00f2gica per al transport d\u2019objectes i fins i tot per a substituir l\u2019ef\u00edmer embolcall de paper dels regals i obsequis.<\/p>\n

    Potser seria hora de demanar a les nostres \u00e0vies que ens ensenyin a fer farcells, no?<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>

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    Vols saber m\u00e9s coses sobre la bossa de pl\u00e0stic?<\/p>\n

    Segueix al Museu Particular<\/a> a Twitter <\/a>i a Instagram<\/a>!<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":26163,"template":"","format":[203],"autor":[202],"ods":[265],"seccio":[179],"class_list":["post-28362","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","autor-alex-rebollo-sanchez","format-article","ods-art-patrimoni-cultura","seccio-memoria"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes comarques, el mercat i el \u00abfuroshiki\u00bb - Museu Terra<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un article d'\u00c0lex Rebollo sobre la hist\u00f2ria del comer\u00e7 a Catalunya, des dels mercats tradicionals i la seva influ\u00e8ncia en la divisi\u00f3 comarcal, fins a l'arribada dels supermercats i la revoluci\u00f3 del pl\u00e0stic.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/museuterra.srvcactus.com\/article\/article-les-comarques-el-mercat-i-el-furoshiki\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les comarques, el mercat i el \u00abfuroshiki\u00bb - 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